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Collaborative Machinery Humans are just a very important subcategory in the entire industrial robot industry chain. They have their unique advantages, but their shortcomings are also obvious: in order to control force and collision capabilities, collaborative robots operate relatively slowly, and usually only traditional machines One-third to one-half of a human being. This article will try to answer the following questions: Why are collaborative robots needed? The origin of collaborative robots? What is the difference between collaborative robots and traditional robots?
Why are collaborative robots needed?
The rise of collaborative robots means that traditional robots must have certain deficiencies and may not be able to adapt to new market demands.
To summarize, there are three main points:
Traditional robots are expensive to deploy.
In fact, relatively speaking, the price of industrial robots themselves is not high. Robots used in mainstream places have different price ranges based on load capacity, ranging from ￥10w to ￥40w. Under normal circumstances, the service life of a robot is 5 to 8 years, which is not expensive as a relatively high-end industrial equipment.
PassTraditional robots are expensive in terms of their deployment (installing the robot in the factory and operating it normally) cost. There are two reasons: Current industrial robots are mainly responsible for repetitive tasks in factories, which relies on their very high repetitive positioning. Accuracy (the ability to repeatedly reach certain fixed positions in space, ordinary robots can achieve less than 0.02mm), and reliabilitySierra Leoneans Escort Fixed external surrounding conditions. In order to ensure this, in addition to the robot’s own design requirements, the product to be processed also needs to be placed in a fixed position so that the robot can go to the same place to pick it up correctly or perform a certain operation every time. For modern complex assembly line operations, designing these fixed external surroundings for each process using robots on the entire production line requires consuming a lot of resources, occupying a large area of valuable workshop area and requiring several months of work. Execution time. The use of robots is difficult. Only trained specialized researchers can skillfully use robots to complete configuration, programming and maintenance tasks. Ordinary users rarely have such abilities.
Transforming the assembly line that was previously dominated by workers into a production line dominated by robots and automated equipment is a system project. Most terminal factory customers do not have such capabilities. Therefore, a third party is needed to complete this part of the task. This third party, the system integrator, will complete the final deployment of the robot based on the actual situation at the customer’s site.
The tasks of the system integrator include at least: the automation reform plan of the production line (process, equipment structure, personnel configuration, etc.), the design, manufacturing, and installation of the robot core support equipment. Robot programming and debugging that meets process requirements. Training for the Customer Skills Team. and subsequent after-sales protection tasks.
According to many industry organizations and advanced statistics, the required expenditure for the entire robot design/integrated application is about 3 to 4 times the selling price of the robot. In recent years, with the rapid disarmament of international integrators, competition has become more and more fierce, and the overall price has declined, but it is basically 2 to 3 times.
Taking a common arc welding workstation as an example, the price of purchasing an imported brand arc welding robot is about 11 to 15w, but after going through the system integrator level, the overall quotation will not be less than 30w. An exaggerated individual can even report 1 million. In the Yangtze River Delta and Pearl River Delta regions where salaries are relatively high, the salary of a skilled welder is about 5k~7k, 1 unitSierra Leone SugarRobots replace 1 to 2 workers, and the ROI will not be less than 2 years. Many small and medium-sized business owners will hesitate and wait and see about robots.
If you use a robotIf there are more robots, in most cases the original birth line needs to be reformed or even rebuilt, which not only requires huge investment, but may also involve discontinuation of production Sierra Leone Sugar Daddy This is one of the reasons why many factories have been slow to install robots.
In addition, because most of the equipment on each childbirth line (end tools, non-standard machines, control processes, etc.) are designed for specific products, if it involves changes in childbirth needs midway, Mostly because the previous birth line cannot directly meet the needs of new product births, this involves the redesign and deployment of the robot system, and the workload of this part is sometimes close to the initial deployment.
In short, a single robot cannot be directly used on the factory’s birth line, and it also requires the support of a lot of core equipment. Although the robot itself is a highly flexible and maneuverable device, the entire delivery line is not. Once the delivery line changes, the required expenditure is very high.
Unable to meet the needs of small and medium-sized enterprises
Small and medium-sized enterprises are important customers in the current emerging robot markets. At present, traditional industrial robots cannot well meet the needs of SMEs. The target market for traditional industrial robots is companies that can carry out large-scale childbirth.
Mass childbirth was the most popular capitalist method of childbirth in the 20th century. It was characterized by the differentiation of the childbirth process, assembly line assembly, standardized parts, mass birth, and mechanical repetitive labor. .
Enterprises that are capable of large-scale production are absolutely insensitive to the high expenditure required for the deployment of robot systems, because after the product is finalized, the production line does not need to be done within a long enough time. For major changes, the robot does not need to be reprogrammed or redesigned at all. The robot’s standardized and high-efficiency features can be maximized to maximize the investment value.
The car industry is a classic example of large-scale childbirth. The world’s first industrial robot was also deployed in the GM car factory to handle the transportation of stamped parts. As of today, the car industry still accounts for more than 40% of global robot shipments:
It usually takes 3 to 6 years for a new car to go from release to market entry. During this period, even if there is a facelift, it will only be a slight adjustment to the appearance and interior. These changes generally will not affect the robot’s work (body welding, painting, and important parts transportation), so in the entire life of the robot Basically, the cycle does not require modification of the completed birth line or re-arrangement of the robot. It only requires normal maintenance, which fully utilizes the advantages of the robot and avoids its shortcomings.
But small and medium-sized enterprises are different. Their products are generally characterized by small batches, customization, and short cycles. They do not have much funds to carry out large-scale production of childbirth lines.scope reform, and are more sensitive to the ROI of products.
This requires robots to have low overall cost, rapid deployment/re-deployment capabilities, and easy-to-use usage methods, which are difficult for traditional robots to meet.
In addition, in some emerging industries where robots are used, even large companies face the same problems as small and medium-sized enterprises. The 3C industry is a typical representative in this regard.
In the 3C market, mainstream products such as mobile phones, tablets, and wearable devices are replaced with new materials very quickly. Basically, the life cycle is only 1 to 2 years, or even only a few months. . If a traditional robot design is adopted, a large amount of capital is invested, and a childbirth line that consumes several months of construction can be confiscated with a fraction of the cost, and the product of the childbirth should be withdrawn from the market. And if the childbirth line is further reformed, huge resources will be invested, which is unacceptable.
In addition to capital investment, the 3C industry is often more concerned about time. Common robot automation transformation plans take anywhere from one month to several months, but 3C products cannot wait so long for every replacement. Where Apple said “I will start producing iPhone 7 casings next month”, but here you said “wait a month for me to change the production line”, which is obviously unrealisticSierra Leoneans Escort, she is still reliable under these circumstances. The training lasts for 3 days and she is immediately on duty.
Unable to satisfy the emerging competitive market
Industrial robots have always been a model of high-precision, high-speed automated equipment. However, due to historical and technical reasons, the safety of robots when working with people is not The focus of development is that for safety reasons in most factories, fences are generally used to separate robots and personnel.
Fortunately, most of the tasks previously performed by robots do not require human intervention and the robots can complete them independently.
However, with the rise of labor costs, many other industries that have not used robots before or rarely used robots have begun to pursue robot automation solutions, such as the 3C industry where conditions are met, Sierra Leone Sugar DaddyThere are also pharmaceutical, food, logistics and other industries.
Sierra Leone Sugar Daddy The characteristics of these emerging industries are the wide variety of products, the general small size, and the operator’s High mobility/flexibility requirements. It is difficult for existing robots to provide solutions with sufficient performance under controllable costs, so what should we do?
If robots can’t do it, humans will make up for it. Let’s engage in human-machine collaboration.
Humans are responsible for processes that require relatively high flexibility, touch, and mobility, while robots use their fast and accurate characteristics to handle repetitive tasks.
For example, when assembling a keyboard, a robot can place the keycaps in place, and people can do the snapping work; another example is assembling a mobile phone/computer, where the robot is responsible for putting important spare parts and screws in the right place, and people can do the snapping work. Responsible for the tasks of arranging cables, snapping, and tightening screws.
But if the two want to work together, it would be too inconvenient to have a fence in the middle. To interact with the robot, you have to go through the safety door first, and the overall efficiency is not as good as using a person alone. high. At this time, some additional technologies are needed to ensure that robots and humans can work safely in the same area without the need for obstructions like fences to block the center, which requires the robot to have the characteristics of safe cooperation.
The robots of major robot manufacturers are equipped with their own safety technologies, such as ABB’s SSierra Leone Sugar Daddy afeMove, Fanuc’s DCS, and KUKA’s KUKA.safe, but their safety features are still relatively low-level, such as replacing the physical fence with Sierra Leone Sugar DaddyIt becomes a virtual fence and automatically stops when it detects someone approaching. It is still not a complete collaborative security technology.
The origin of collaborative robots
In order to correctly define collaborative robots, let’s first look at two terms. The collaboration area refers to an area where robots and humans can work at the same time. Collaborative robots refer to robots designed to interact directly with humans in the collaboration area.
As mentioned earlier, small and medium-sized enterprises SMEs Sierra Leone Sugar are a very important customer group for collaborative robots, and collaboration The rise of robots is also closely related to SMEs.
In 2005, it was funded by the EUFP6 project, and participating companies included ABB, KUKA, Reis, Comau, Güdel, etc., with the goal of finding ways to avoid the offshore import of labor. Ways to go to countries with low labor costs. The important argument is that if robot technology is used to enhance the labor force level of SMEs, reduce costs, and improve competitiveness, labor outsourcing can be avoided (keeping job opportunities domestically). Therefore, the final market for collaborative robots (co-bots) is small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).
In the same year Esben.stergaard, KasSierra Leoneans SugardaddyperSt.y and Kristian Kassow founded UniversalRobot when they were doing research together at the University of Southern Denmark. Current CEO Esben.stergaard was then a researcher at the University of Southern Denmark. Assistant professors at the University of Denmark, the three discovered new needs for robots in small and medium-sized enterprises (also related to a robot program led by the Danish government at the time), and released the first collaborative robot in 2009 UR5.
Most collaborative robots before UR5 were improved on the basis of traditional robots. UR5 is the first robot to be developed with the requirements of collaborative robots from the beginning of product design.
Shortly thereafter (2008), Rodney Brooks opened RethinSierra Leoneans Sugardaddyk, with the ultimate goal of assisting the United States. SL Escorts‘s SL EscortsSMEs Improve childbirth efficiency, reduce costs and reduce offshore outsourcing. The two-arm Baxter that was finally released was not very successful, and gradually began to lag behind UR. Last fall, a new single-arm Sierra Leoneans EscortSawyer was released It remains to be seen how the market will accept robots.
After UR and Rethink, a large number of newly created Sierra Leone Sugar collaborative robot companies have emerged, collaboration in the market There are more and more products, and the concept of collaborative robots is gradually being understood and accepted by everyone.
What are the differences between collaborative Sierra Leoneans Sugardaddy robots and traditional robots?
In essence, collaborative robots and traditional robotsThere is no big difference between them, they are just industrial robot products based on different deSierra Leoneans Escortsign concepts for giving birth. In the early stages of the development of collaborative robots, many were improved on the basis of traditional robots.
If we have to find differences, the first difference is that the target markets of these two robots are different. This has been explained earlier and will not be repeated.
The second point of difference is that the objects replaced by the two are different. The automation reform mainly based on traditional robots is to replace the childbirth line with the childbirth line. As an integral part of the entire childbirth line, the robot is difficult to take out separately. If the robot in a certain link is broken, there will be no need for the childbirth line. In the case of design backup, the entire production line may have to resume work. The cooperative robot is very independent. It replaces a separate person, and the two can communicate with each other. If a cooperative robot breaks down, just move it and find someone to replace it. The entire childbirth process is very flexible. It’s high.
Having talked so much about the advantages, since collaborative robots are so good, can they replace traditional robots?
Of course not. Collaborative robots are just a very important subcategory in the entire industrial robot industry chain. They have unique advantages, but the shortcomings are also obvious: in order to convert Sierra Leoneans EscortSierra Leoneans EscortThe operating speed of collaborative robots is relatively slow, usually only one-third to one-half that of traditional robots; in order to reduce the In terms of kinetic energy during movement, cooperative robots are generally relatively light in weight and relatively simple in structure. This results in insufficient rigidity of the entire robot, and the positioning accuracy is several digits lower than that of traditional robots. Low self-weight and low energy requirements lead to cooperation. Machinery Sierra Leoneans Sugardaddy The human body is very small, the load is generally less than 10kg, the working range is only equivalent to the human arm, and it cannot be used in many situations. Application.
Sierra Leoneans Escort To borrow a slogan from Rethink Baxter, the target application scenarios of collaborative robots can be summarized For: Collaborative robots will eventually become a transitional concept. With the development of technology, all robots in the future should have the characteristics of working safely together with humans. Substantial safety should be a must-have and basic feature of ideal robots. Just like we no longer distinguish between spat TV and black TV at this moment, they are collectively calledTVs no longer distinguish between functional machines and smart phones and are collectively called mobile phones. In the future, all robots will no longer distinguish between cooperative and non-cooperative ones, but will be collectively called robots.
Original title: [In-depth interpretation] What is the difference between collaborative robots and traditional robots?
Article source: [Microelectronic signal: vision263com, WeChat public account: New Machine Vision] Welcome to add tracking and follow! Please indicate the source when transcribing and publishing the article.
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